Incineration or thermal waste treatment, is a process that involves the combustion of waste substances often in a high-temperature systems, in waste-to-energy facilities.

Incineration is used as a treatment for a very wide range of wastes and converts the waste into ash, flue gas and heat. The generated heat is used to create electric power. The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste and may take the form of solid lumps or particles that are carried out by the flue gas.

The objective of waste incineration, is to reduce the waste volume and hazard, whilst recovering the energy, minerals and chemical content and to safely capturing and destroying potentially harmful substances.

The gaseous and particale pollutants of the flue gases must be treated before they are released into the atmosphere.